How to help student to study science correctly?

Some students think differently, when I am teaching some students. After observation for a long time, I found out that some student did badly in science just because of the lack of the suitable mindset for the science subjects. In order to help student learn smoothly, I devise some tips for them.
1. Focus on the experiments, and involving them as much as possible. Or introduce the industry process by videos.
2. Encourage them to read text books;
3. Assist them in modifying their way of thinks.

How to foster the interests in science?

Lack of interests in science is a problem for some students, and it is a great chanllenge for a science teacher to teach them. In addition, it is a job to make science interesting for my own childs. The follows paragraphs describe some tips of cultivate interests in science.

1. Ensure that "I don't know" becomes an opportunity for science

Children begin posing questions early in their development. Eventually, they ask a question to which their parents simply do not know the answer. When this happens, instead of looking up the answer immediately, consider incorporating this follow-up question: "How can we figure out the answer?"
Encourage students to develop experiments that help them answer their own questions. Even if the means of discovery (a telescope, a drill or a highly technical laboratory experiment) are unavailable, contemplating how to locate answers to a question is a key component of scientific thinking — and will most likely satisfy your children's insatiable curiosity.

2. Watch science shows together

Television shows about science are becoming increasingly popular. Encouraging children to watch programs like MythBusters, How It's Made or even the fictional Doctor Who is an entertaining, simple strategy for making science a part of children's everyday lives. It's less important that the science be real and more important that the science should seem amazing. If your burgeoning scientists already adore television, you can easily use that to your advantage in aiding your children to view science as accessible, enjoyable and fun.

3. Take it outside

Another location to combine interests is the outdoors. A hike or several hours spent at the lake can easily become a scientific trip if you simply take time to observe and ask questions. Bring a notebook and encourage children to write down any interesting animal behavior, plant growth, geological features or even human mannerisms they observe. If the family goes to the beach, take a walk down to the shore, locate a tide pool and count the different types of life you notice.

4. Reward right thinking, not right answers

A significant part of the scientific process is being wrong. This includes either stumbling across new information that disproves an idea of one's own or finding results that are different from what one had predicted. If a child is thinking creatively about uncovering answers, then you should reward the process and not the result since the results in science experiments are often beyond the scientist's control. Research also shows that students who are praised for making a good effort and using process-based skills enjoy learning more and do better in school than students who are only praised for being "right" or "smart."

5. Visit other scientists

Many great discoveries result from collaborative efforts between scientists, and parents don't have to go it alone, either. Visiting museums, factories and research institutes will help supplement a science education, provide students direct access to individuals in the field and perhaps even introduce children to possible careers and subjects of interest. Many organizations, such as the Smithsonian Institution, offer virtual field trips and online labs to provide families with budget-friendly and time-sensitive options.

From: http://www.sheknows.com/parenting/articles/1041387/how-to-foster-your-childs-interest-in-science

Organic Chemistry 1--------Free Radical Substitution

Free Radical Substitution

在有机化学中， 自由基取代反应是一个考试重点。 O 水准的需要会写化学方程式（clorine and methane）,而A水准需要会写这个反应的机理，和做基于机理的一些简单的分析。
可是在实际生活和工业中， 自由基反应也有很大的应用范围。 例举如下：
1. Methane and Halgen (Clorine and Bromine)
2. Methylbenzene and Clorine
3. The polymerisation of ethene
4. Hydrogen bromide and alkenes :the peroxide effect
5. Combustion of hydrocarbon
6. Thermal Cracking
7. Ozone layer
8. Photochemical Smog
9. Aging of plastic

除了有机反应，还有生物化学反应。 有理由相信，人体衰老过程中，起作用的自由基会破坏人体生物大分子，然而维生素可以帮助消除这种自由基，对于延缓人体衰老和保持人体精力有一定作用。 维生素有unsaturated bonds, which combine with free radicals.
个人学习总结，不对之处，请批评和指正。

AP Chemistry 考试风格

今天看了整套模拟试卷和考试准备，原来这种考试是高中生的拔高课程。题目比较中规中矩，比较贴近考试要点。准备好这种考试，知识点的清晰无误是取得好成绩的关键保障。 这本书给了大家一个准备考试的整体计划。 可是，新加坡为什么有人参加这种考试呀？

2012年A水准和2014年A水准化学试卷比较分析

回想2012年的A08班，真是大家的一个巅峰时刻，化学取得4A和5B的成绩（其他成绩若干），当年就有5位同学考入国大。第二年又有两位同学经过一年的重新学习，考入国大。基于教学想长的道理，现在对最近三年考试试卷进行分析。

由于2013和2014年考试风格相似，所以只是比较2012年和2014年的考试风格。基于比较的需要，选取2012/P2/3和2014/P2/3的题目进行举例分析，两道题目都是考查calculation in equilibrium和shift of equilibrium。虽然考试要点没有变化，但是2012年比较academic, 而2014年比较practical, 甚至包括O水准的考点。 因此，学生成绩分布应该是2012年高分和低分比例高，而2014年中间分数的同学比较多。

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Contacts:

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O level Chemistry & Physics O水准化学和物理

All material has been provided freely.

A level Chemistry A水准化学